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Clinical diagnosis should only be made by a healthcare professional. Know your blood pressure numbers and make changes that matter to protect your health. If your blood pressure is unusually high AND you have headache or nosebleed and are feeling unwell, wait five minutes and retest. If you are experiencing severe headaches or nosebleeds and are otherwise unwell, contact your doctor as they could be symptoms of other health conditions.
Improving The Numbers Know your blood pressure numbers — and know that your donation helps improve the odds for millions of people just like you. Donate Now. Other inconclusively related symptoms A variety of symptoms may be indirectly related to, but are not always caused by, high blood pressure, such as: Blood spots in the eyes : Blood spots in the eyes subconjunctival hemorrhage are more common in people with diabetes or high blood pressure, but neither condition causes the blood spots.
Floaters in the eyes are also not related to high blood pressure. However, an eye doctor ophthalmologist may be able to detect damage to the optic nerve caused by untreated high blood pressure. If your blood pressure gets too high or stays high for a long time, it can cause health problems. Uncontrolled high blood pressure puts you at a higher risk for stroke , heart disease , heart attack , and kidney failure.
Primary hypertension. This is also called essential hypertension. It is called this when there is no known cause for your high blood pressure. This is the most common type of hypertension.
This type of blood pressure usually takes many years to develop. It probably is a result of your lifestyle, environment, and how your body changes as you age. Secondary hypertension. This is when a health problem or medicine is causing your high blood pressure. Things that can cause secondary hypertension include:. Most people who have high blood pressure do not have symptoms. Some people experience headaches, nosebleeds, or shortness of breath with high blood pressure.
However, those symptoms can mimic many other things serious or non-serious. Usually, these symptoms occur once blood pressure has reached a dangerously high level over a period of time. Food, medicine, lifestyle, age, and genetics can cause high blood pressure.
Your doctor can help you find out what might be causing yours. Common factors that can lead to high blood pressure include:. High blood pressure is diagnosed with a blood pressure monitor. This is a common test for all doctor visits. A nurse will place a band cuff around your arm. The band is attached to a small pump and a meter. He or she will squeeze the pump.
It will feel tight around your arm. Then he or she will stop and watch the meter. This provides the nurse with 2 numbers that make up your blood pressure. The top number is your systolic reading the peak blood pressure when your heart is squeezing blood out. The higher your blood pressure is, the more often you need to have it checked. After age 18, have your blood pressure checked at least once every two years. Do it more often if you have had high blood pressure in the past.
If your high blood pressure is caused by lifestyle factors, you can take steps to reduce your risk:. If your high blood pressure is caused by disease or the medicine you take, talk to your doctor. He or she may be able to prescribe a different medicine. Additionally, treating any underlying disease such as controlling your diabetes can help reduce your high blood pressure.
The best way to lower blood pressure begins with changes you can make to your lifestyle to help lower your blood pressure and reduce your risk of heart disease. Additionally, your doctor may prescribe medicine to lower your blood pressure. These are called antihypertensive medicines. The goal of treatment is to reduce your blood pressure to normal levels. As these arterioles tighten or constrict , your heart has to work harder to pump blood through the smaller space, and the pressure inside the vessels grows.
That means the real cause of the high blood pressure is not known, but a number of factors contribute. You are at increased risk if you —.
Researchers have also found a gene that appears to be linked to high blood pressure. If you have the gene, you are more likely to develop high blood pressure, so you should monitor your blood pressure and eliminate as many of the other risk factors as you can.
The remaining patients with high blood pressure have what is called secondary hypertension which means the high blood pressure is the result of another condition or illness. Many cases of secondary hypertension are caused by kidney disorders. Other conditions that can cause secondary hypertension are.
Most people who have high blood pressure do not have symptoms. In some cases, people with high blood pressure may have a pounding feeling in their head or chest, a feeling of lightheadedness or dizziness, or other signs. Without symptoms, people with high blood pressure may go years without knowing they have the condition. A visit to your doctor is the only way to find out if you have high blood pressure. Your doctor will take several blood pressure readings using a device called a sphygmomanometer and run a few routine tests.
Your doctor may also use a device called an ophthalmoscope to look at the blood vessels in your eyes. Doctors can see if these vessels have thickened, narrowed, or burst, which may be a sign of high blood pressure.
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